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By Laws Articles of Association are essential incorporation documents required for every company registered in Pakistan under the Companies Act 2017. They serve as the company's constitutional document, detailing how the company will be run, governed, and owned. This document becomes necessary when incorporating a new company or when an existing company needs to update its governance structure. It contains crucial information about share capital, shareholder rights, board composition, meeting procedures, and other governance matters. The document must align with Pakistani corporate law requirements and receives scrutiny from the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) during the registration process. Once registered, it becomes binding on the company and its members, though it can be amended through special resolutions as the company evolves.

1. Preliminary: Contains interpretation clauses, definitions of terms used throughout the document, and applicability of Table A if relevant

2. Name and Registered Office: States the company name and location of registered office

3. Objects of the Company: Details the business objectives and activities the company is authorized to undertake

4. Share Capital and Shares: Specifies authorized capital, types of shares, rights attached to shares, and share certificates

5. Members and Membership: Rules regarding membership, transfer of shares, and maintenance of register of members

6. General Meetings: Procedures for calling and conducting annual and extraordinary general meetings

7. Proceedings at General Meetings: Rules for conducting meetings, voting procedures, and proxies

8. Directors: Qualification, appointment, removal, and powers of directors

9. Powers and Duties of Directors: Detailed description of directors' authorities and responsibilities

10. Proceedings of Directors: Procedures for board meetings and decision-making

11. Chief Executive Officer: Appointment, removal, and powers of the CEO

12. Company Secretary: Role and responsibilities of the company secretary

13. The Seal: Rules regarding the company seal and its use

14. Dividends and Reserves: Procedures for declaring dividends and maintaining reserves

15. Accounts: Requirements for maintaining accounts and financial records

16. Audit: Appointment of auditors and audit procedures

17. Notices: Rules for giving notices to members and directors

18. Winding Up: Procedures for company dissolution and winding up

19. Indemnity: Protection and indemnification of officers and directors